1977 - Geodetic Astronomy in the Next Decade - AR Robbins

 

Pada era pertengahan 1970-an bidang astronomi geodetik mendapat tempat di kalangan para profesional ukur. Sebuah artikel tulisan AR Robbins terbit dalam jurnal Survey Review pada 1977. Artikel bertajuk "Geodetic astronomy in the next decade". Artikel tersebut pada asalnya dibentang kepada Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors, London.

Abstract artikel berkenaan:

The paper discusses methods of determining azimuth and geoid height, recent tests of the possibility of using Doppler observations to artificial satellites to replace azimuth observations, and recent tests of inertial surveying equipment. It also discusses future instrumentation. It concludes that, for most purposes, Laplace azimuth observation may well soon be superseded by satellite observations but that astro-geodetic levelling will remain the most accurate method of interpolating geoid height for many years to come.

Teodolit Wild T4 untuk kegunaan astronomi geodetik

(source - unimelb)

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Pengajian dut T2 bermula dan beberapa pelajar dut tahun pertama sesi lepas tidak lagi bersama. Ada yang mengulang semula pengajian T1 sepenuhnya dan ada juga yang gagal untuk menyambung pengajian kerana diberhentikan.

Pada tahun T2 subjek yang diikuti sudah menjurus sepenuhnya kepada ukur tanah. Antara subjek yang terlibat ialah ukur kejuruteraan, ukur kadaster, dan subjek ukur geodesi, astronomi dan juga ukur perhitungan. Subjek matematik masih ada dan kali ini diajar oleh Tuan Ramli Saleh. Beliau sangat istimewa datang ke kelas dengan membawa sebatang kapur tanpa nota tanpa kertas. Beliau boleh mengajar sejam dengan menconteng papan hitam  tanpa merujuk apa2 bahan mengajar. Hebat.

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Sejarah Malaysia Dan Dunia 1964 (3)

Antara perkembangan surveying yang berlaku di Canada sekitar 1964 adalah:

1964: Horizontal control for Crustal dynamics

Small geodetic networks were established to detect horizontal crustal motion, notably near Quebec City (photo), between opposite shores of the St. Lawrence River between Quebec City and Tadoussac, across the Strait of Georgia and across Robeson channel between northern Ellesmere Island and Greenland.

1964: Sea-surface gravimetry

A program of sea-surface gravity measurements was initiated by the Atlantic Geoscience Centre at Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. In this technique the gravimeter has to be mounted on a special gyro-stabilized platform designed to minimize the effects of the ship's motion on the gravity readings. During the next eighteen years some 295,000 sea-surface measurements would be made in this program alone, a major contribution to Canadian knowledge of gravity off the eastern and Arctic seaboards.

Source: nrcan - link.

Sea-surface Gravimetry

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